Dolly Parton
American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
Also known as: Dolly Rebecca Parton
Virginia Gorlinski
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Aug. 25, 2026 •History
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Dolly Parton smiles while holding a microphone, wearing a green outfit with sparkling details, in front of a red background.
Dolly Parton American country and pop music superstar Dolly Parton, 2007.
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News • Dolly Parton built a better world, with rhinestones and songs • Aug. 26, 2026, 12:44 AM ET (AP)
Dolly Parton (born January 19, 1946, Locust Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.—died August 25, 2026, Nashville) was an American country music singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress who pioneered the interface between country and pop music styles and became one of the most iconic entertainment figures of the late 20th century. Equal parts sensitive songwriter and savvy businesswoman, Parton crafted timeless tunes such as the touching and autobiographical “Coat of Many Colors” (1971) and the crossover hit “9 to 5” (1980), a critique of workplace inequality set to a spirited melody. She went on to build a successful theme park called Dollywood and develop a wide range of philanthropic projects. Fans and critics alike considered her a national treasure. She died on August 25, 2026.
Appalachian upbringing
Parton was born in Appalachia, in the Great Smoky Mountains of eastern Tennessee, into a poor farming family. She was the fourth of 12 children born to Robert Lee Parton, a sharecropper and construction worker, and Avie Lee Parton, a homemaker. She displayed an aptitude and passion for music at an early age, having learned church songs and traditional folk ballads from her mother. Parton told People magazine in 2020, “All my mother’s people were very musical, so I was always around people playing instruments and singing, and my mom singing the old songs.” As a child Parton was a featured singer and guitarist on local radio and television shows in Knoxville. In 1964, immediately following her high-school graduation, she set out for Nashville to pursue a career in music.
“I never really found my place ’til I moved to Nashville and got in the music business. That was my real place, so I fit in. I was born restless, I really was.”—Dolly Parton to Rolling Stone, 1977
Beginnings in Nashville
In Nashville Parton became the protégée of country music singer and Grand Ole Opry star Porter Wagoner. Through repeated appearances on Wagoner’s syndicated television show, Parton gained coast-to-coast recognition. She soon attracted the attention of the music industry moguls at RCA Records and subsequently recorded more than a dozen hit songs—together with Wagoner—on the RCA label. Owing much to her association with Wagoner, Parton rapidly emerged as one of country music’s most popular singers.
USA 2006 – 78th Annual Academy Awards. Closeup of giant Oscar statue at the entrance of the Kodak Theatre in Los Angeles, California. Hompepage blog 2009, arts and entertainment, film movie hollywood
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During this time she also released solo albums and several singles that proved her undeniable songwriting talent. Many of Parton’s early songs tell poignant stories that present love and life from a woman’s perspective, such as “Just Because I’m a Woman” (1968). In 1970 she scored her first number-one hit on the Billboard country chart with the bouncy “Joshua.” The next year saw the release of “Coat of Many Colors,” featuring intimate lyrics that blend the biblical story of the many-colored coat given to Joseph with Parton’s recollections of childhood poverty and her mother’s love. In 1973 she had another country chart-topper with “Jolene,” in which Parton pleads with the titular heartbreaker, “I’m begging of you please don’t take my man.”
Parton began to cultivate a “blonde bombshell” image early in her career, and she soon became famous for her towering bouffant hairstyle, buxom physique, and glitzy dresses. She often played up the camp appeal of her image, commenting, “It costs a lot of money to look this cheap!” Another of her famous witticisms dismantles a stereotype concerning blonde women and her public persona (one that Parton first addressed in her 1966 hit “Dumb Blonde”): “I’m not offended by dumb blonde jokes because I know I’m not dumb. I also know I’m not blonde.” At the same time, Parton wrote and recorded songs that expressed pride in her Appalachian roots, such as the heartfelt “My Tennessee Mountain Home” (1972).
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Solo career and pop crossover
Parton had intended to stay with Wagoner’s show only five years, but she had difficulty convincing him to let her go out on her own, even after another two years with the program. In 1974 Parton parted ways with Wagoner; she captured the poignancy of their split in her song “I Will Always Love You.” Many years later Parton told The Tennessean:
I said, “Porter, sit down. I’ve written something I think you need to hear.” I started singing “I Will Always Love You,” and he started crying. When I finished, he said, “Well, hell! If you feel that strong about it, just go on—providing I get to produce that record because that’s the best song you ever wrote.”
“I Will Always Love You” went to number one on the country chart that year. It would become one of Parton’s most popular and enduring songs.
Fully solo, she enjoyed immediate success. In both 1975 and ’76 she was chosen female singer of the year by the Country Music Association (CMA) on the strength of such songs as “Jolene” and “Love Is Like a Butterfly” (1974). About the same time, Parton began to cross over to the pop music market, without losing her country music credibility. In 1978 she won a Grammy Award for her song “Here You Come Again” and was named entertainer of the year by the CMA.
As her career developed, Parton received more Grammys, both for her songs—including “9 to 5” (1980), her first song to top the Billboard pop chart, and “Shine” (2001)—and for her albums, including Trio (1987; with Linda Ronstadt and Emmylou Harris) and The Grass Is Blue (1999). Parton’s crossover success was solidified in 1983 when she topped both the pop and country charts again with “Islands in the Stream,” a duet with fellow country legend Kenny Rogers. She garnered two Academy Award nominations for best original song, for “9 to 5” in 1981 (from the movie of the same name) and “Travelin’ Thru” in 2006 (from Transamerica).
Later music career and honors
Parton was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1999 and the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2001. She received a Grammy Award for lifetime achievement in 2011. That same year the U.S. Library of Congress added her song “Coat of Many Colors” to the National Recording Registry, a list of audio recordings deemed “culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.” Several of her recordings have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.
Parton continued to release hit albums, including Blue Smoke (2014) and Pure & Simple (2016). She also recorded an album for children, I Believe in You (2017), and several gospel and Christmas albums. In 2022 Parton was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Although she had earlier asked to be removed from consideration—she did not believe she had “earned the right,” because she was not a rock performer—she accepted the honor.
Acting and producing career
In the 1980s Parton appeared in several successful films, notably the comedy Nine to Five (1980; also called 9 to 5), in which she starred with Jane Fonda and Lily Tomlin as three women who plot revenge on their male chauvinist boss (played by Dabney Coleman). For her role in the Burt Reynoldsvehicle The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas (1982), she revived her 1974 hit “I Will Always Love You.” (In 1992 Whitney Houston recorded the song for the film The Bodyguard, and it went on to sell millions of copies.)
In 1989 Parton played a principal role in the comedy-drama Steel Magnolias, a weeper about a close-knit group of Southern women who rally around a friend (Sally Field) whose daughter (Julia Roberts) dies after complications from diabetes. Parton had a short-lived television variety show called Dolly from 1976–77 and again in 1987–88, and in the 1990s and 2000s she guest-starred in many TV series and appeared in several feature films and TV movies.
Dolly and Buffy
Dolly Parton was an uncredited executive producer of the TV series Buffy the Vampire Slayer.
In 2009 Parton wrote the music and lyrics for a Broadway musical adaptation of 9 to 5; the score was nominated for a Tony Award. Three years later she starred with Queen Latifah in the film Joyful Noise. She served as producer on many TV projects, including a TV movie about her early life, Dolly Parton’s Coat of Many Colors (2015), followed the next year by a Christmas-themed sequel, in which Parton appeared. In addition, she provided the music and was the guiding spirit behind the movie Dumplin’ (2018). Her music also inspired Dolly Parton’s Heartstrings, an anthology series that debuted on Netflix in 2019; Parton was featured in the program and served as executive producer. She later produced and portrayed an angel in Dolly Parton’s Christmas on the Square (2020), which won an Emmy Award for outstanding television movie.
A Broadway musical based on Parton’s life is scheduled to premiere in 2027.
Dollywood, the Imagination Library, and other projects
Reviewing plans for a Dollywood addition in 2009
Reviewing plans for a Dollywood addition in 2009Dolly Parton opened her theme park Dollywood in 1986. Centered on Appalachian culture, the park is located in the Great Smoky Mountains of Parton’s home state of Tennessee.
Aside from her stage and screen activities, Parton was involved in a broad array of entrepreneurial and charity projects. In 1986 she opened Dollywood—a theme park centered on Appalachian traditions—in the Great Smoky Mountains of eastern Tennessee. Two years later she created the Dollywood Foundation with the aim of providing inspiration and educational resources to children. The foundation’s Imagination Library, a children’s literacy project created in 1995, was inspired by her father’s inability to read and write. By the 21st century the Imagination Library had expanded from Parton’s home county in Tennessee to communities throughout the United States and around the world and had donated hundreds of millions of children’s books.
Parton’s other philanthropic efforts include helping to fund the development of the Moderna vaccine for COVID-19 in 2020. That year she donated $1 million to Vanderbilt University Medical Center, explaining to fans that she was a friend of Naji Abumrad, a doctor and researcher at the university. After Moderna’s vaccine was approved, Abumrad told The Washington Post, “Without a doubt in my mind, [Parton’s] funding made the research toward the vaccine go 10 times faster than it would be without it.” Receiving her vaccine shot the following year, Parton encouraged others to get inoculated and shared a video on social media of her singing “Jolene” with the title lyrics changed to “Vaccine.”
In 1994 Parton published the autobiography Dolly: My Life and Other Unfinished Business, which was a best-seller in the United States. The memoir Dolly Parton, Songteller: My Life in Lyrics (written with Robert K. Oermann) was published in 2020. With best-selling author James Patterson, Parton wrote and published Run, Rose, Run (2022), a thriller about a young country music singer with a mysterious past that was released with a companion album.
Honors: A true icon
Parton’s contributions to the arts and culture of the United States earned her numerous awards from organizations beyond the music and film industries. In 2004 she was named a Living Legend by the Library of Congress for her enrichment of the American cultural heritage. The following year she received the National Medal of Arts, and in 2006 she was recognized at the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C., for her lifetime artistic achievement.
Parton’s music and philanthropic efforts drew fans and admirers of all political persuasions, but she rarely made her own views public. She declined the Presidential Medal of Freedom three times—twice from Donald Trump during his first administration (2017–21) and once from Joe Biden (2021–25). She explained to The Today Show,
I couldn’t accept it [from the Trump administration] because my husband was ill, and then they asked me again about it and I wouldn’t travel because of the COVID. So, now I feel like if I take it [from the Biden administration], I’ll be doing politics, so I’m not sure. I don’t work for those awards.
Personal life
In 1964 Parton met Carl Dean outside a laundromat in Nashville. He owned an asphalt-paving business. The couple married two years later. Although he maintained a low profile, Dean was influential in Parton’s career, and he inspired the song “Jolene.” Parton once said, “God has been good to me. He gave me Carl Dean. And that was the perfect man that I needed.” Parton and Dean were together until his death in 2025, when he was 82.
Virginia Gorlinski The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Geography & Travel
Physical Geography of Land
Mountains & Volcanoes
Great Smoky Mountains
mountains, North Carolina-Tennessee, United States
Also known as: Great Smokies, the Smokies
Britannica Editors
July 14, 2026 •History
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Great Smoky Mountains National Park
Great Smoky Mountains National Park Newfound Gap, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee.
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Great Smoky Mountains
Great Smoky Mountains
Great Smoky Mountains, western segment of the high Appalachian Mountains in eastern Tennessee and western North Carolina, U.S. The Great Smokies lie between Knoxville, Tennessee (just to the west), and Asheville, North Carolina (just to the east), blending into the Blue Ridge escarpment to the east in North Carolina. They are sometimes considered a division of the Unaka Mountains. The loftiest portion lies within Great Smoky Mountains National Park (a UNESCO World Heritage site) and includes Kuwohi (6,643 feet [2,025 meters]; the highest point in Tennessee) and Mounts Guyot, Chapman, Collins, Le Conte, and Kephart—all at elevations above 6,000 feet (1,830 meters). The mountains form a popular resort area that includes the national park, a segment of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail, the southern terminus of the Blue Ridge Parkway, the tourist city of Gatlinburg, Tennessee, and the Dollywood theme park in Pigeon Forge, Tennessee. A transmountain highway crosses at Newfound Gap (5,046 feet [1,538 meters]).
Byname: Great Smokies or the Smokies
Great Smoky Mountains National Park, North Carolina
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Great Smoky Mountains National Park, North Carolina
Appalachian National Scenic Trail
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Appalachian National Scenic TrailSection of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail in the Great Smoky Mountains.
Covered by forests, of which about 40 percent is virgin growth, the Great Smokies support an abundance of plant and animal life. Large amounts of rain feed dozens of streams and waterfalls. Originally the domain of the Cherokee people, the mountains embrace the Cherokee Indian Reservation and parts of Pisgah, Nantahala, and Cherokee national forests. They were explored in the mid-19th century by Thomas L. Clingman (a U.S. representative and senator from North Carolina) and the geographer Arnold Guyot and were named for the bluish haze characteristic of the region. European farmers began to settle the valleys in the late 18th century. The mountains were heavily logged during the first quarter of the 20th century.
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
This article was most recently revised and updated by Michael Ray.
